Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kangaka yokwenza imishini, ngokuqinisekile awuyazi incazelo yophawu lwesikulufa, akunjalo?
Ibanga lokusebenza le-bolts lokuxhunywa kwesakhiwo sensimbi lihlukaniswe ngamamaki angaphezu kuka-10, kuhlanganise no-3.6,4.6,4.8,5.6,6.8,8.8,9.8,10.9,12.9.Amabhawodi ekilasi 8.8 nangaphezulu enziwe ngensimbi ephansi ye-carbon alloy noma i-carbon steel medium kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa (ukucisha, ukushisa), ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi ama-bolts anamandla amakhulu, kanti amanye ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi ama-bolt ajwayelekile.Ibanga lebanga lokusebenza lebhawodi liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili zezinombolo, ngokulandelanayo ezimele inani lamandla aqinile aqinile kanye nesilinganiso samandla e-flexion wento yebhawodi.ngokwesibonelo:
Amabhawudi okusebenza ibanga lesi-4.6, okusho ukuthi:
Amandla okuzisholo okuqinile wento yebhawodi afinyelela ezingeni lama-400MPa;
Isilinganiso samandla we-flexion we-bolt material ngu-0.6;
Amandla okuvunwa okuzisholo wento yebhawodi afinyelela izinga lama-400×0.6=240MPa.
Ibanga lokusebenza 10.9 amabhawodi amandla aphezulu, impahla yayo ngemva kokwelashwa ukushisa, ingafinyelela:
Amandla okuqina okuzisholo wento yebhawodi afinyelela izinga le-1000MPa;
Isilinganiso samandla we-flexion we-bolt material ngu-0.9;
Amandla okukhiqiza ajwayelekile wento yebhawodi afinyelela izinga elingu-1000×0.9=900MPa.
Incazelo yebanga lokusebenza kwebholithi yizinga elijwayelekile lamazwe ngamazwe, izinga lokusebenza elifanayo lebhawodi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umehluko wezinto zayo kanye nemvelaphi, ukusebenza kwayo kuyafana, umklamo ungakhetha kuphela izinga lokusebenza.
Amabanga wamandla 8.8 kanye ne-10.9 ayisilinganiso sokucindezeleka se-shear se-8.8GPa kanye ne-10.9GPa
8.8 Amandla okubamba amandla 800 N/MM2 Amandla esivuno esincane 640 N/MM2
Amabhawodi ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ne- ” X. Y ” ikhombisa amandla, X * 100= amandla aqinile ale bhawodi, X * 100 * (Y / 10) = amandla okukhiqiza ale bhawodi (njengoba ibhaliwe: amandla esivuno / amandla aqinile =Y / 10)
Ekilasini lesi-4.8, amandla aqinile webhawodi angama-400MPa;amandla okukhiqiza angu-400 * 8 / 10=320MPa.
Futhi: amabhawodi ensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile abhalwe ukuthi A4-70, ukubukeka kwe-A2-70, incazelo ichazwa ngenye indlela.
isilinganiso
Ubude emhlabeni ikakhulukazi bunamayunithi amabili okulinganisa, eyodwa uhlelo lwemethrikhi, iyunithi yokulinganisa amamitha (m), cm (m) (cm), mm (mm), njll., esifundazweni, eChina naseJapan kanye enye eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia isetshenziswa kakhulu, enye iBritish, iyunithi yokulinganisa ngokuyinhloko ngamasentimitha (intshi), elilingana nesikhundla sedolobha elidala, e-United States, e-United States nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu naseMelika asetshenziswa kakhulu.
Isilinganiso semethrikhi: (10 mex) 1m =100 cm=1000 mm
Isilinganiso saseBrithani: (8 r) 1 intshi =8 amamayela 1 intshi =25.4 mm 3 / 8??×25.4 =9.52
1/4 ??Imikhiqizo elandelayo ifakwe izinombolo ukukhombisa amagama amagama abo, njengokuthi: 4 #, 5 #, 6 #, 7 #, 8 #, 10 #, 12 #
isikulufu intambo
Umucu umumo one-convex eyisiyingi efanayo engxenyeni yangaphandle noma ngaphakathi kwendawo eqinile.Ngokwezici zayo zesakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa, ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu:
Intambo evamile: umumo wezinyo istriangleShape, esetshenziselwa ukuxhuma noma ukubopha izingxenye.Intambo evamile ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili zamazinyo amaholo kanye nentambo yamazinyo amahle ngokusho kwephimbo, futhi amandla okuxhumana entambo yezinyo elihle aphezulu.
Intambo yokudlulisa: umumo wezinyo une-trapezoidal, unxande, isaha nonxantathu, njll.
Intambo yokuvala: isetshenziselwa ukuxhumanisa uphawu, ikakhulukazi intambo yepayipi, intambo yesigaxa kanye nentambo ye-cone tube.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngomumo
Ihlanganiswe nebanga
Ukulingana kwentambo kuwusayizi wokuxega noma oqinile phakathi kwentambo yesikulufu, futhi izinga lokulingana liyinhlanganisela enqunyiwe yokuchezuka nokubekezelelana emicu yangaphakathi neyangaphandle.
1. Ochungechungeni oluhlanganisiwe lwaseBrithani, kunamabanga amathathu entambo yangaphandle: 1A, 2A kanye no-3A, futhi kunamabanga amathathu: 1B, 2B kanye no-3B, wonke ahambisana negebe.Lapho inani leleveli liphezulu, kuqina ukuxhumana.Emicungweni yaseBrithani, ukuchezuka kucacisa kuphela amabanga 1A no-2A, amabanga 3A nguziro, futhi amabanga 1A no-2A ayalingana.Uma sikhulu inani lamabanga, kuncane ukubekezelelana.
I-Class 1A ne-1B, isilinganiso sokubekezelela esixege kakhulu, silungele ukubekezelela ukulingana kwemicu yangaphakathi neyangaphandle.
I-Class 2A kanye ne-2B yizigaba ezivame kakhulu zokubekezelela intambo ezicaciswe ochungechungeni lwe-British lokubopha imishini.
Ikilasi le-3A ne-3B, akha i-tighfit yezibophelelo eziqinile zedizayini ebalulekile yokuphepha.
Ochungechungeni lwangaphandle, i-1A ne-2A inokubekezelelana kokukhwelana futhi i-3A ayifuni.I-1A yokubekezelelana ikhulu ngo-50% kunokubekezelelana okungu-2A kanye no-75% okukhulu kuno-3A ukubekezelelana.Ngochungechunge lwangaphakathi, ukubekezelelana kwe-2B kukhulu ngo-30% kunokubekezelelana okungu-2A.Ikilasi 1B likhulu ngo-50% kuneClass 2B futhi likhulu ngo-75% kuneClass 3B.
2. Intambo yemethrikhi, intambo yangaphandle inamazinga amathathu entambo: 4h, 6h no-6g, intambo yangaphakathi inamazinga amathathu entambo: 5H, 6 H, 7H. esimweni sezinga II) kuntambo yemethrikhi, ukuchezuka okuyisisekelo kuka-H no-h kunguziro.Ukuchezuka okuyisisekelo kuka-G kuphozithivu, kanti lokho kuka-e, f, kanye no-g kunegethivu.
H indawo yebhendi yokubekezelelana evame ukusetshenziswa yomucu wangaphakathi, ngokuvamile engasetshenziswa njengendawo yokumboza ngaphezulu, noma ngongqimba oluncane lwephosphating.Ukuchezuka okuyisisekelo kwesimo sika-G kusetshenziswa ezikhathini ezikhethekile, njengokumboza okukhulu, okungavamile ukusetshenziswa.
I-coating encane ye-g ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa u-6-9um.Njengokuthi umdwebo womkhiqizo udinga ibhawudi elingu-6h, intambo yesikulufu isebenzisa ibhande lokubekezelela elingu-6g ngaphambi kokumbozwa.
Ukulingana kwentambo kungcono kakhulu kuhlanganiswe ku-H / g, H / h noma i-G / h.Okwezintambo zokubopha okucolisisiwe njengamabhawodi namantongomane, ukulingana okungu-6H / 6g kuyanconywa.
3. Amamaki anemicu
Amapharamitha ejometri ayinhloko wokuzihlasela kanye nemicu yokuzimba
1. Ububanzi obukhulu / ububanzi bezinyo langaphandle (d1): ububanzi besilinda esicatshangelwayo sophahla lwentambo.Idayamitha yentambo enkulu ngokuyisisekelo imele ububanzi bokulinganisa bosayizi wentambo.
2. Umzila / ububanzi obuphansi (d2): idiamitha yesilinda ecatshangelwayo enesisekelo esinemicu.
3. Ibanga lamazinyo (p): ibanga eliyi-axial lamazinyo ancikene elihambisana namaphoyinti amabili emugqeni we-meridian.Ngenani lamazinyo ngaphakathi kwe-intshi ngayinye (25.4mm).
Ibanga elijwayelekile (metric) (English)
(1) Amazinyo okuzihlasela kwe-Metric:
Imininingwane: ST 1.5, S T1.9, S T2.2, S T2.6, S T2.9, kanye ne-ST3.3, S T3.5, S T3.9, S T4.2, S T4.8, I-S T5.5, ST6.3, S T8.0, S T9.5
Ibanga lamazinyo: 0.5,0.6,0.8,0.9,1.1,1.3,1.3,1.3,1.4,1.6,1.8,1.8,2.1,2.1
(2) Uhlelo lwaseBrithani lwamazinyo azihlaselayo:
Ukucaciswa: 4 #, 5 #, 6 #, 7 #, 8 #, 10 #, 12 #, 14 #
Inombolo yamazinyo: Amazinyo e-AB 24,20,20,19,18,16,14,14
Amazinyo 24,20,18,16,15,12,11,10
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-19-2022